COMPARISONS AND CONCLUSIONS:

The previously discussed figures above are identified as the same patriarch (Noah), by a series of common elements. One is the apparent universal aquatic nature found in association with the earliest ages and earliest progenitors of the new world. The first Father to emerge out of Chaos usually takes the form of, and is usually depicted in many icons as, some form of fish. Where the fish motif is absent, the deity is usually associated with water and creation. In the Syrian Ugaritic Canaanite(Phoenician) mythology, this primeval Being is identified as Dagon, the fish-man god, who obviously derives his origin from the Babylonian Oannes mentioned by Berossus. He is also the derivative of the Babylonian Apsu, who is not so much a fish, as he is the Primeval Waters. In the ancient accounts of the Sumerians, Dagon-Apsu-Oannes can be traced back to the god Alilum-Ninazu, who is the original model upon which Apsu is formed. Alilum, the Sumerian Under-World god, and Apsu find their historical place and identity in the later Phoenician legend of Alilu or Alium. the King of ancient Babylos, who is the Hittite mythical King Alalus. Both Apsu and Alilum are associated with the water motif, whereas Dagon-Oannes has the additional element of a fish. The ancient Hindus remember this god in the character of MahaVishnu, the Thunder god Indra. Like Dagon-Oannes, Indra-Vishnu is represented in the texts as the Matsya-fish incarnation of the first appearance of MahaVishnu. He shares the same aquatic nature of the fish-man god in Western and Eastern myths. The second means to the identity of these diverse gods, is their genealogical placements. The first, is that most of the primeval fathers of Chaos (the Flood) beget Heaven gods or sons. The Sumerian god Alilum has the heaven god Anu, while his Babylonian duplicate Apsu has Anshar. The Syrians and Phoenicians supplement theirs with the more legendary Alilu or Elium(Alium,Elioun) or Hypsistus, the father of Apigeus, who is identical with Ouranus. he is also known as Antochthon. The Greek Orphic poets recorded this Phoenician Ouranus as the son of Phanes-Deucalion, the Greek version of Noah. The Deucalion-Noah story traditionally shows him to be the father of Hellenes or Hellen, another duplicate of Ouranus. In the mythologies, Ouranus is the heaven god of the Greeks, whereas Helen appears to be the more historicized version of ham, but lacking the elemental motifs.

 

Elium-Alilu---------------------Phanes-Dionysus-------------------Deucalion

(Hypsistus)

 

Epigeus-Ouranus---------------Ouranus----------------------------Hellenes-Hellen

(Antochthon)

 

Cronus

 

The Hittite god Alalus begets a son named Anus, who according to the mythographers, dethrones his father and exiles him down to earth. Anus thus becomes the new god of heaven. Like Ouranus, Anus is the Hittite Heaven god in opposition to his father. Not the etymological similarity between the two names, Our-Anus and Anus!

Compared genealogies reveal an etymological similarity also between the Sumerian Anu son of Alilum and the Hittite Anus son of Alalus. The two heaven gods Anu and Anus, who are identical with the Greek Ouranus, also connect the two cognate names of Sumerian Alilum and Phoenician Alilu-Elium. The Hittite Alalus also has a close etymology.

Another means of verification, supporting the common identity of these gods, is comparative mythological events. The story of Babylonian Apsu and Ea-Enki's magical sleep-spell has an almost exact duplicate parallel tradition in Hindu mythology. The Hindu's record, in their Puranic histories, the story of Indra-Visnu undergoing victimization by a magical sleep-spell. The entry "Prahlada-I", in the Puranic Encyclopedia(196) records an interestingly similar account of the sleep-spell of Ea, as is recorded in the Enuma-elis Epic.(197) The details between the two, do not all correlate exactly, but the main highlights of both present striking parallels. The identification of the characters are obscured, except for the primary characters. It seems, that the Babylonian account is the oldest and the original foundation for the Hindu version. The Hindu account appears to be a duplicate copy transmitted through some early dispersion and migration out of Mesopotamia to India. The following is a short account of the Enuma-elis Apsu Ea episode, along with an abridged version of the Hindu account.

In the Enuma-elis, the God Ea "The Most Able and All Knowing" composes a foul plan against the God Apsu. Drawing up a map of the Universe and composing a magical plot, Ea plans against Apsu and the Waters. The significance of the expression "Waters"(199), in the Biblical context, is it symbolizes the dominant faction of the flood survivors, challenged by the rebel faction under Ea and Enlil or Canaan and Ham. It is apparent that it is talking about the scene at the Tower of Babel. Now, Shem was a loyalist to Noah and received a blessing from Noah, but Japheth only shared this blessing. Ham or Canaan was cursed! Therefore, the family of gods, which included Ea, composing the sleep-spell against Apsu and "the Waters", must be Hamitic and Canaanite, the Sidonians of Greek Mythology. Ea pours forth his sleep-spell upon a map and transmits a deep sleep to Apsu and Mummu, causing them to slumber. While sleeping, Ea removes their garments and Apsu's Crown. Ea puts the crown on his own head, claiming Apsu's title of ruler over the whole world. His desire of stealing the ultimate Imperial Solar Rulership is fulfilled! Ea then supposedly "kills" [dethrones] Apsu and lays the bound-up Mummu cross-ways over Apsu. This is a symbolic killing though, for in the parallel Indian myth Indra is alive and well and lives to rescue Vishnu(?). This symbolic killing is similar to the Greek mythical dethronement of Ouranus or Cronus. Yet, in Indian and Babylonian myth, it is Noah that is dethroned, by Sidon, son of Ham and Canaan.

The Indian Puranic account gives us a very similar story. Indra is cursed with the same sleep-spell along with the Devas people and probably the Maruts too. But, he survives and is rescued by Vishnu(?), who carries him off to a safe place.(200) In the Enuma-elis, the scene changes as a group of rebels break away from Ea's alliance, and then they approach Old Mother Tiamat. They attempt to persuade her to avenge this killing of Apsu and Mummu. She agrees and prepares for battle. This scene is similar to the Indian story, where the rebel Daityas run to Sukra's-Indra's Mother, to ask her for help against the Devas. Without resolving the details, the ideas in the texts are identical. Even though there are obvious differences in politics and religious preferences, the texts speak about the same ancient event that took place about the time of the Tower of babel. The primary motif , mentioned here , is the sleep-spell. Notice the similarities in the following Hindu account.

In the Puranics, a war is started between the Devas and the Daityas, the latter which are shown running to Indra's mother for help. The Devas see this, and quickly prepare for battle against Indra's mother. This forces her to invoke the Goddess of Sleep. But, she instead, casts a spell on Indra and put him to sleep. Before any harm is done to Indra, MahaVishnu rescues Indra from death. He then is persuaded to "behead" the old Mother of Indra, with his flying discus.

The story does present comparison problems when paralleled to the Near Eastern version, yet it is a very close copy. The political structure is obviously construed to follow a different political viewpoint. The political stance is the polarization between the people of Indra(Apsu) and those of Ea and the Sleep Goddess. This is one of many political wars in the Puranics which raged during the "Hundred-Years War". It continues down to the later Mahabarata

War between Arjuna and Karna. It is probable, that when the colonial Aryans left the Mid-East for ancient India, they brought with then the legends and stories of their fathers, though in distorted forms. The correlations are striking and the assumption of a mono-mythological origin is tempting. The main parallel between these two similar stories is the Apsu-Indra parallel! It is obvious, from these two stories, that Apsu and Indra are the same god, two traditional versions of Noah. The alliances should be:

 

NORTHERN ALLIANCE:

1. East India = Near East = Mesopotamia

2. Indra = Apsu = Noah

3. (?) = Mummu = Shem

4. Daityas = Igigi gods = Noahic Faction

5. Sukra's Mother=Tiamat = (?)

6. Vishnu = Kingu = Peleg(?)

 

SOUTHERN ALLIANCE:

1. Sleep Goddess = Ea = Sidon

2. Devas = Anunnaki gods = Sidonians(Canaanites)

 

COMPARISONS OF MOTIFS:

I. NOAH'S FLOOD

1. Hindu.................................Primeval Chaos/Creation of Vishnu

2. Sumerian............................The Flood of Zuisudra

3. Akkadian-A.......................Flood of Atra-Hasis

4. Akkadian-B........................Flood of Utnapishtim[Gilgamesh Epic]

5. Babylonian..........................Chaos of Waters of Apsu[Enuma-elis Epic]

6. Greek..................................Deucalion Flood

7. N.W.Semitic........................[Not mentioned w/Dagon]

8. Egyptian..............................Celestial Waters of Creation or Flood of Menes

II. NOAH'S ARK:

1. H.........................................Cosmic Golden Egg or Lotus of Vishnu

2. S..........................................Zuisudra's Boat

3. A..........................................Atra-Hasis' Raft

4. A..........................................Utnapishtim's Cube

5. B..........................................(?)

6. G..........................................Deucalion's Argo

7. NWS....................................9/0

8. E...........................................Campsa the Crocodile; Theba the Cow

 

III. NOAH'S SACRED MOUNTAIN:

1. H...........................................Meru or Sumeru

2. S............................................(?)

3. A...........................................Mt.Nisir

4. A...........................................Utnapishtim's Nisir

5. B...........................................(?)

6. G...........................................Mt.Olympus, Etna, Athos, Parnassus

7. NWS.....................................(?)

8. E...........................................Mt. City of Khemenu or Hill of Memphis

9.Persian....................................Mt.Albordi

IV. THE EIGHT SURVIVORS OF THE ARK:

1. H...........................................Vishnu and Seven Rishis

2. S............................................Only Zuisudra

3. A............................................Atra-Hasis and Family(?)

4. A............................................Utnapishtim, Family and Servants

5. B............................................Only Apsu, Tiamat and Mummu

6. G............................................Only Deucalion and Pyrrh

7. NWS......................................(?)

8. E.............................................The Eight Original Gods of Khemenu

V. THE GENESIS ACCOUNT NOAH:

1. H.............................................Vishnu-Indra

2. S..............................................Zuisudra

3. A..............................................Atra-Hasis

4. A..............................................Utnapishtim

5. B..............................................Apsu

6. G..............................................Deucalion

7. NWS........................................Dagon-Alalus

8. E...............................................Nu-Nin-Nao

VI. NOAH'S FAMILY OF SEVEN:

1. H...............................................The Seven Rishis

2. S................................................(?)

3. B................................................Only Four

6. G................................................The Twelve Olympian Gods(?)

8. E................................................The Original Eight minus Nu

VII. FIRST ARARAT COLONY:

1. H............................................... Indra's heavenly Abode North of Meru

5. B................................................Apsu's heavenly Northern Abode

8. E.................................................The City of Khemenu or Memphis

VIII. DIVISION OF EARTH:

0. Hebrew........................................Three, between sons of Noah

1. H..................................................The dwipas=3, then 4, then 7 Continents

2. S..................................................Four: Shubur, Sumer, Uri, Martu

8. E..................................................Four Cardinal Points

IX. THE DEFILEMENT OF NOAH BY HAM/CANAAN:

0. Hebrew........................................Ham uncovers his father's nakedness.Ham vs.Noah

and Shem.

00.Rabbinical "Jasher".......................Ham steals the sacred garments of Adam from Noah

and gives them to Canaan.

1. H..................................................Sleep Goddess puts spell on Indra

5. B...................................................Ea puts a sleep-spell on Apsu and Mummu and

steals Apsu's sacred cloths and crown.

10.Hittite............................................King Anus dethrones King Alalus and rules Heaven

for Nine years.

X. HAMITE REBELLION AT THE TOWER OF BABEL:

0. Hebrew Genesis..............................Ham, Canaan, Sidon vs. Noah at Babel.

1. H....................................................Sleep Goddess and Devas vs. Indra and the daityas.

2. S.....................................................Alilum[See Alalus and Anus].

5. B.....................................................Anu, Ea and Marduk Vs. Apsu, Tiamat, Mummu

and Kingu.

6. G.....................................................Titan-Olympian War.

8. E......................................................Enert Ones vs. The Water God Nu.

9. Hittite...............................................Anus and rebels vs. Alalus.

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